Elements: In the early ages,only nine elements (carbon,gold,silver,tin,mercury,lead ,copper,iron and sulphur) were known. At that time it was considered that elements were the substance that could not br broken down into simple units by ordianary chemical processes.Until the end of nineteenth century sixty three elements had been discovered.Now 118 elements have been discovered,out of which 92 are naturally occuring elements.Modern defination of elements is : It is a substance made up of some type of atoms,having same atomic number and cannot be decomposed into simple substances by ordinary chemical means. It means that each element is made uo of unique type of atoms that have very specific properties. Elememts occur in nature in free or combined form.All the natually occuring elements found in the world have different percentage in the earth's crust,oceans and atomsphere. Elements may be soilds,liquid and gases.Majority of the elements exist as soilds e.g. sodium,copper,zin...